home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
/
Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
/
pc
/
illusion
/
hub_fie.cxt
/
00014_Field_frep55.txt
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1996-12-30
|
2KB
|
69 lines
Our main goal in this text
will be to understand why all
these chains of neuronal
structures exist, how they
work, and what they do. We
want to know what kind of
visual information travels
along a trunk of fibers, and how
the information is modified in
each region--retina, lateral
geniculate body, and the
various levels of cortex. We
attack the problem by using the
microelectrode, the single most
important tool in the modern
era of neurophysiology. We
insert the microelectrode
(usually a fine insulated wire)
into whatever structure we
wish to study--for example, the
lateral geniculate body--so that
its tip comes close enough to a
cell to pick up its electrical
signals. We attempt to influence
those signals by shining spots
or patterns of light on the
animal's retina.
An experimental plan for
recording from the visual
pathway. The animal, usually a
macaque monkey, faces a
screen onto which we project a
stimulus. We record by
inserting a microelectrode into
some part of the pathway, in
this case, the primary visual
cortex. (The brain in this
diagram is from a human, but a
monkey brain is very similar.)
Because the lateral
geniculate body receives its
main input from the retina,
each cell in the geniculate will
receive connections from rods
and cones--not directly but by
way of intermediate retinal
cells. As you will see in Chapter
3, the population of rods and
cones that feed into a given cell
in the visual pathway are not
scattered about all over the
retina but are clustered into a
small area. This area of the
retina is called the receptive
field of the cell. So our first
step, in shining the light here
and there on the retina, is to
find the cell's receptive field.
Once we have defined the
receptive field's boundaries, we
can begin to vary the shape,
size, color, and rate of
movement of the stimulus--to
learn what kinds of visual
stimuli cause the cell to
respond best.